Re: [BLACKBOX] Questions about inheritance

From: [at]} <Rainer>
Date: Sat, 19 Mar 2011 15:18:55 +0100

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Dear Wojtek,
thanks a lot for sharing your experience.


>> I am now with CP for some years, but I never had to use OO features.
>> Creating clean modules and applying classes to get abstract data
>> types was sufficient for my projects in the past.
>
> If it was sufficient till now, it will probably suffice in future. The
> point is, that you have conditioned yourself to think in a certain
> way. It
> worked for your project for years. Why do you want to change your
> way of
> thinking, if it worked over the years?

Right now my only motivation is learning. But let me tell ...

In the past I developed software for automatic test equipment. We had
VME-bus systems with 68k CPU's running a unix like real time
operating system. The only language being available was plain C.
After a few small projects it turned out this would lead to a mess,
as the whole language was.
At that time (mid 90ies) I knew about MODULA-2 and had heared about
OBERON-2. So I tried to learn from these languages (concepts,
readability, simplicity) and to port know how from these languages to
programming in C.

E.g. with the use of the preprocessor the source code was made more
readable:
- no "{" and "}" but "BEGIN" and "END"
- no "if (a < b) {" but "IF a < b THEN"
- no "do { ... } while (a < b)" but "REPEAT ... UNTIL (a >= b)"
- no "a && b || c" but "a AND b OR c"
- no "static" but "PRIVATE"
- no "struct" but "RECORD"
- no "++"
- no "--"
and many more.

Simplicity was introduced e.g. by ruling out terms with side effects,
functions with side effects, introduction of well considered naming
conventions and so on.
Structure was introduced by simulating a module construct with
interface file and implementation file, design-by-contract,
information hiding, opaque type export etc.
A subset of OBERON-2 (no OO features of course) was mapped to C and
established as a "department language" and so on.
With this concept we have been very successfull for many years
compared to programming techniques being common to the world of
programming in C (of course this solution suffered from many problems
being inherent when using a C compiler, e.g. weak typing, make
utility etc etc).

For some reason there was a management decision about seven years ago
to give up this platform and we were forced to program in Lab View, a
graphical programming language by National Instruments. Poor control
structures, a constraint to data flow programming, the subroutine
construct being the only concept for structuring the software and the
necessity to store every single subroutine in a separate file: I
guess you can imagine the result of this story.

At the times with the VME-bus systems we had a process control
application which had been implemented in a small number of slightly
different types by a former colleague of mine. Some of these machines
are still in deployment and work very reliable up to date. After the
introduction of Lab View a simplified version of this application had
been reimplemented; this simplified version is again in deployment in
different versions. It shows up unpredictable behaviour from time to
time and in spite of big debugging efforts by several developers
these problems could never be fixed.

Because of these and many many more problems with the "world of Lab
View" in our department there was a decision to reimplement again the
process control application. It has been decided to do the
implementation with C# ("because we need a modern language everybody
knows"); it is our first touch with this language. The project
requirements have been increased: there should be a general solution
which is adaptable to different needs.

Because of my knowledge of the application on the VME-bus systems and
because I was involved in a number of meetings concerning the
requrements of the re-reimplementation I am very familiar with this
topic. So I plan to take this chance to try a design and perhaps a
partial implementation as a home work and to learn how to apply OO
concepts to get a "general solution" which is adaptable a little bit
to different needs.


>> The big picture of the technical process to be controlled is always
>> the same. But in reality there are some different types of machines,
>> because they have different number and type of hardware equipment,
>> different types of control algorithms and different types of calls to
>> a relational data base for retrieving data about the parts to be
>> tested automatically and for storing the results of the tests
>> respectively.
>
> The problem with this kind of design is that you will be trying to
> outline
> a system, which has not been developed yet (top-bottom approach).
> You will
> be trying to guess ahead of time the facilities, which you will need
> later. In all likelihood, you will guess sort of righ, but not exactly
> right. This will lead to iterative work: down the road you will
> discover,
> that initial guesses were not quite righ, and you will have to
> revisit the
> assumptions and rewrite large portions of your software. After two or
> three such iterations you will get exhausted.
>
> In my opinion, OO frameworks such as BB itself were never developed
> this
> way. BB was not written on the first attempt. There were predecessors,
> such as the Oberon System, Gadgets, Ethos, etc. At some points the
> experience from these prototypes was refined in the form of the OO
> framework Oberon/F, which then became BlackBox. Therefore, the
> amount of
> top-down guessing was in fact pretty minimal, because most of the
> design
> choices have been tried before.

I agree.
In my case however the project is really small compared to projekts
like Oberon System, Ethos or BB.
The OO structures (if this approach would taken) would be MUCH more
simpler.
The facilities which should be adaptable (the differences between
types of machines) are known in
detail because we already have these different types of machines in
deployment (having been developed with Lab View).
Because of the (missing) language features of Lab View
- the application is able to control just one technical process; we
would like to have two or three of them controlled in a simultaneous
way, but because of the complexity of the code this was never tried
to program
- for every new machine big parts of the code had to be reworked
because of its lack of structure. And changes of code trigger new
changes which trigger changes ...
- the maintainability of the code is extremely poor. The reasons for
misbehaviour are almost impossible to track down and to fix.

So I will take your advice and think about developing a "small
version" first and get it running.

Thanks and best regards,
Rainer

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Received on Sat Mar 19 2011 - 15:18:55 UTC